Disk wheel of a rotor of a turbomachine

ABSTRACT

Disk wheel ( 10 ) of a rotor of a turbomachine of the type equipped with a series of blades ( 12 ) integral with a central annular portion ( 14 ) which is fitted on a shaft ( 20 ) of the turbomachine, the disk wheel comprises at least a first insertable portion ( 18 ) of the female or male type situated close to a base end of the central annular portion ( 14 ), which is suitable for being coupled with at least a corresponding second insertable portion ( 38 ) of the male or female type integral with the shaft ( 20 ) so as to increase the reliability of the disk wheel ( 10 ) itself.

The present invention relates to a disk wheel of a rotor of a turbomachine such as in particular a turbine or compressor.

In particular, the present invention relates to a disk wheel of the type comprising a series of blades made integral with a central ring.

The disk wheel is fitted together with others of the same type on a shaft of a turbomachine in order to obtain a rotor.

Each disk wheel is then heated and inserted on the shaft so that, after cooling, it remains forced on the shaft itself by interference.

When operating on the blades of each disk wheel, stress is created, which is transmitted by friction to the shaft through the central portion.

In order to increase safety and also the possibility of transmitting high rotation rates to the shaft, grooves for corresponding flaps or keys are normally produced in the internal surface of the central annular portion, in order to fix the disk wheel in position more firmly with respect to the shaft.

This however leads to the disadvantage that under particular operating conditions such as in the presence of corrosive gases for example, an intensification of the stress is created in correspondence with the seats for the flaps, which is further increased by corrosion phenomena.

In other words, corrosion under stress is caused, which is intensified in correspondence with each seat of each key.

With time, this causes breakages, frequently unexpected, as the fractures propagate very rapidly as a result of the corrosive agents.

This consequently jeopardizes the reliability of the rotor and whole turbomachine.

An objective of the present invention is to provide a disk wheel of a rotor of a turbomachine which allows a reduction in the stress intensification factors on the disk wheel.

A further objective is to provide a disk wheel of a rotor of a turbomachine which avoids the use of flaps interposed between the shaft and disk wheel and which avoids the production of housings for the same.

A further objective is to provide a disk wheel of a rotor of a turbomachine which increases the reliability and useful life of the disk wheel and consequently also of the turbomachine.

Yet another objective is to provide a disk wheel of a rotor of a turbomachine which is economically advantageous.

These objectives according to the present invention are achieved by providing a disk wheel of a rotor of a turbomachine as specified in claim 1.

Further characteristics of the invention are indicated by the subsequent claims.

The characteristics and advantages of a disk wheel of a rotor of a turbomachine according to the invention will appear more evident from the following illustrative and non-limiting description, referring to the enclosed schematic drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a raised partially sectional side view of a preferred embodiment of a disk wheel of a rotor of a turbomachine according to the present invention.

With reference to the figure, this shows a disk wheel 10 of a rotor of a turbomachine of the type equipped with a series of blades 12 made integral with a central annular portion 14 which is fitted on a shaft 20 of said turbomachine, characterized in that it comprises at least a first insertable portion 18 of the female or male type situated close to a base end of said central annular portion 14, which is suitable for being coupled with at least a corresponding second insertable portion 38 of the male or female type made integral with the shaft 20 so as to increase the reliability of the disk wheel 10 itself.

According to a first preferred embodiment, said at least one first insertable portion 18 is at least an axial insertable portion of the shaped female type, and preferably said at least one corresponding second insertable portion 38 is at least an axial insertable portion of the male type correspondingly shaped so as to avoid stress intensification on the disk wheel.

According to a second preferred embodiment, said at least one first insertable portion 18 is at least an axial insertable portion of the shaped male type, and preferably said at least one corresponding second insertable portion 38 is at least an axial insertable portion of the female type correspondingly shaped so as to avoid stress intensification on the disk wheel.

Said at least one axial insertable portion of the female type is preferably at least a substantially semi-elliptic or semicircular shaped axial seat, to allow a better stress distribution on the disk wheel itself.

Said at least one axial insertable portion of the female type is preferably a substantially semi-elliptic shaped axial seat.

Said at least one axial insertable portion of the female type is preferably a substantially semicircular shaped axial seat.

Said at least one axial insertable portion of the shaped male type is preferably at least a substantially semi-elliptic or semicircular shaped axial protuberance, to allow a better stress distribution on the disk wheel.

Said at least one axial insertable portion of the shaped male type is preferably a substantially semi-elliptic shaped axial protuberance.

Said at least one axial insertable portion of the shaped male type is preferably a substantially semicircular shaped protuberance.

A disk wheel of a rotor according to the present invention advantageously allows a reduction in the intensification factors of the stress to which said disk wheel is subjected when operating, consequently increasing its reliability and useful life.

According to the present invention, a rotor 50 of a turbomachine is also provided, comprising at least one disk wheel 10 of the type previously described, and also comprising at least one corresponding spacer ring 30 on which said at least one corresponding insertable second portion 38 is preferably situated.

Said at least one corresponding spacer ring 30 is also fitted by interference on said shaft 20 between one disk wheel and another.

In this way it is possible to considerably increase the friction surface as each disk wheel is engaged with at least one corresponding spacer ring 30.

In order to determine a relative rotation between the disk wheel and shaft it is therefore necessary to overcome both the friction forces of the disk wheel, proportional to the contact surface of the disk wheel 10 with the shaft 20, and also the friction forces of the spacer ring 30, proportional to the contact surface of the spacer ring 30 with the shaft 20.

It can thus be seen that a disk wheel of a rotor of a turbomachine according to the present invention achieves the objectives indicated above.

The disk wheel of a rotor of a turbomachine of the present invention thus conceived can undergo numerous modifications and variants, all included in the same inventive concept.

Furthermore, in practice, the materials used as also the dimensions and components can vary according to technical demands. 

1. A disk wheel (10) of a rotor of a turbomachine of the type equipped with a series of blades (12) integral with a central annular portion (14) which is fitted on a shaft (20) of said turbomachine, characterized in that it comprises at least a first insertable portion (18) of the female or male type situated close to a base end of the central annular portion (14), which is suitable for being coupled with at least a corresponding second insertable portion (38) of the male or female type integral with said shaft (20) so as to increase the reliability of the disk wheel (10) itself.
 2. The disk wheel (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least a first insertable portion (18) is at least an insertable axial portion of the shaped female type, and in that said at least one corresponding second insertable portion (38) is at least an insertable axial portion of the male type correspondingly shaped so as to avoid stress intensification on the disk wheel.
 3. The disk wheel (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least a first insertable portion (18) is at least an insertable axial portion of the shaped male type, and in that said at least one corresponding second insertable portion (38) is at least an insertable axial portion of the female type correspondingly shaped so as to avoid stress intensification on the disk wheel.
 4. The disk wheel (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least an insertable axial portion of the female type is at least a substantially semi-elliptic or semicircular shaped axial seat, to allow a better stress distribution on the disk wheel itself.
 5. The disk wheel (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that said at least one axial insertable portion of the female type is a substantially semi-elliptic shaped axial seat.
 6. The disk wheel (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that said at least one axial insertable portion of the female type is a substantially semicircular shaped axial seat.
 7. The disk wheel (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one axial insertable portion of the shaped male type is at least a substantially semi-elliptic or semicircular shaped axial protuberance, to allow a better stress distribution on the disk wheel.
 8. The disk wheel (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that said at least one axial insertable portion of the shaped male type is preferably a substantially semi-elliptic shaped axial protuberance.
 9. The disk wheel (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that said at least one axial insertable portion of the shaped male type is preferably a substantially semicircular shaped axial protuberance.
 10. A rotor (50) of a turbomachine comprising at least one disk wheel (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one corresponding spacer ring (30) on which said at least one corresponding insertable second portion (38) is situated, said at least one corresponding spacer ring (30) also being fitted on said shaft (20). 